While dental sealants and fillings both protect teeth from decay, they serve distinct purposes. Understanding how both sealants and fillings work will help you make an informed decision about what is right for your oral health. 

In this article, we’ll discuss the similarities and differences between sealants and fillings and who might be a good candidate for each treatment. We’ll also go over the implementation and procedure of both treatments and the upkeep needed to see best results.

What Are Dental Sealants?

Dental sealants are thin, plastic-like coatings that are applied to the chewing surfaces of molars and premolars. These coatings are designed to prevent cavities by sealing off pits and fissures where bacteria can hide by creating a smooth, impervious layer.  According to the American Dental Association, dental sealants have been shown to minimize the progression of lesions of the tooth that received a sealant.

Sealants are most frequently used on children or teenagers, who often receive them soon after their molars appear. Some adults with deep groves or vulnerability to decay may also benefit from dental sealants. 

How Sealants are Installed

The typical process for applying dental sealants involves:

1. Cleaning the Teeth: Dentists start by cleaning teeth to remove plaque and debris. 
2. Preparing the Teeth: Next, the dentist applies a mild acidic gel to the chewing surfaces of the teeth to help the sealant bond.
3. Applying the Sealant: Dentists then apply the sealant material to the grooves of the teeth. The resin then flows into the pits and fissures, forming a protective barrier.
4. Curing the Sealant: Dental professionals then use a special curing light to harden the sealant. 
5. Final Check and Adjustments: Finally, dentists check to make sure each sealant has bonded properly, and any excess sealant is adjusted as needed. 

What Are Dental Fillings?

Dental fillings are restorative materials used to fill a cavity after a decayed tooth structure has been removed. Fillings aim to restore tooth shape, function, and prevent further decay progression. 

There are a variety of filling types, including amalgam (silver), composite resin (tooth-colored), gold, or ceramic. The filling type that’s best for you will depend on several factors such as aesthetic preference, budget, durability needs, and your dentist’s recommendation. 

How Fillings are Installed 

To install fillings, dentists typically follow these steps:

1. Administering Anaesthesia: Dentists may apply numbing gel to the affected tooth or use an anesthetic injection to completely numb the area. 
2. Removing Decay: Next, the dentist will use a specialized tool, such as a drill or laser, to remove the decayed part of the tooth. 
3. Filling the Cavity: The dentist places the chosen filling material in layers, carefully shaping it to match the natural tooth. For composite fillings, a special curing light is used to harden each layer.
4. Shaping and Polishing: Once the filling is in place, the dentist trims and shapes it to match your bite. The surface is then polished to make it smooth and comfortable.
5. Finial Bite Check and Adjustments: Once the procedure has been completed, the dentist will have you bite down to ensure the filling feels natural and doesn’t need any further adjustments.

Key Differences Between Sealants and Fillings

While sealants and fillings can both be effective at treating tooth decay, there are several key differences to be aware of when determining which is best for your needs. 

Purpose and Timing

One of the biggest differences between sealants and fillings is the timing of when they are implemented. 

Sealants are preventive measures used to ward off cavities before they form. They are typically placed on healthy or at-risk surfaces with no decay. Fillings, on the other hand, are a restorative treatment for teeth that have already developed cavities, and are used to fill in areas where decay was removed to maintain tooth integrity. 

Material and Appearance

Sealants and fillings also differ when it comes to material and appearance.  Sealants are generally clear or made with a tooth-colored plastic resin. They present as a thin layer that is virtually unnoticeable once hardened. 

Fillings can be made with various materials and colors, each with its own unique properties. Composite fillings can blend with tooth color, or they can be silver or gold, depending on the material used. 

Longevity and Maintenance

Another key difference is how long the properties last. Dental sealants, for example, can last for several years, sometimes as much as a decade. However, they may wear down or chip over time. 

The lifespan of fillings varies by material. Composite materials typically last between 5-7 years, while amalgam fillings can last well over a decade. Gold fillings will last even longer, often multiple decades, as the material is durable and doesn’t corrode.

Cost and Insurance Coverage

While your specific cost and insurance coverage will vary from person-to-person, dental sealants are often fully or partially covered for children’s preventive care. For adults, the out-of-pocket costs will vary depending on individual insurance plans. In some  rare instances, insurance may cover sealants in adults, such as those in particularly high risk of cavities. 

Dental fillings are typically covered under restorative dental benefits. However, the out-of-pocket costs will vary depending on the materials used. For example, the American Dental Association notes that amalgam fillings are often more affordable than composite and gold fillings. 

Tips for Long-Term Success

Regardless of whether you need sealants or fillings, practicing good oral hygiene is critical for long-term success. Here are some ways you can improve your oral health and maximize the effectiveness of dental sealants or fillings: 

• Brush twice a day, floss daily, and use fluoride toothpaste.
• Visit your dentist regularly for cleanings and evaluations of both sealants and fillings.
• Limit sugary or acidic foods and drinks to reduce the risk of cavities forming under sealants or around fillings.
• Avoid smoking and limit alcohol intake as they can stain teeth and cause gum disease. 
• Consider using a mouthguard if you grind your teeth at night, and be sure to wear one while competing in athletics. 

Preventive Dental Procedures Available at Your Local Ideal Dental

If you’re looking to prevent cavities, or if you need to treat one that already exists, communicating with your dentist will help you determine if sealants or fillings are right for you. 

Determining which treatment is best will depend on your age, oral health status, and whether you require preventive or restorative care. If you believe you’re a candidate for either a dental sealant or filling, contact your local Ideal Dental location today to schedule an appointment.