Mouthguards serve as a protective barrier for teeth, gums, and the jaw during high-impact activities such as athletics. By dispersing force and cushioning blows, mouthguards significantly lower the risk of oral injuries that could cause severe damage. 

The American Dental Association notes that the prevalence of dental trauma among mouthguard users was just 7.5-7.75%, compared to 48.31% to 59.98% of non-mouthguard users. 

In this article, we’ll explore the science behind how mouthguards lessen and prevent injuries by absorbing the blow. We will also look at factors that enhance their effectiveness and review the differences in types of mouthguards so you can choose the one that’s best for you. 

Understanding Impact and Oral Injuries

High-impact sports, such as football, basketball, wrestling, hockey, boxing, skateboarding, and martial arts have a high risk of collisions, which can lead to broken teeth, lacerated gums, or jaw fractures. 

When a blow occurs while playing sports or through other accidental collisions, it travels through the oral structures and can lead to severe damage inside the mouth unless a buffer (such as a mouthguard) absorbs it.  Mouthguards reduce the peak force that reaches the teeth and surrounding tissues, which helps prevent severe trauma from occurring.  

Overall, mouthguards are effective at preventing: 

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• Chipped teeth
• Knocked out teeth
• Damage to tooth pulp
• Jaw fractures
• Soft-tissue injury to gums
• Damage to braces or other orthodontics 

How Mouthguards Disperse Force

Mouthguards work by reducing force during transmission when an impact takes place. They use soft, shock-absorbing materials such as EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate) foam to compress on impact, which absorbs the blow and disperses it. 

The mouthguard’s design distributes energy evenly across a larger surface area instead of one direct point, which prevents a specific area of the mouth or jaw from sustaining the full impact. 

Multi-layered or gel-infused mouthguards further enhance cushioning and provide even more advanced protection from severe damage. 

Types of Mouthguards

• Stock Mouthguards: These mouthguards are pre-formed, making them the most inexpensive option.  and they can be purchased in pharmacies or online. However, they have little to no customization and may be uncomfortable for some. 
• Boil-and-Bite: Boil-and-bite mouthguards are thermoplastic guards that mold to teeth after being softened in hot water. These mouthguards are also relatively inexpensive and provide a better fit than stock mouthguards. 
• Custom-Fitted: For athletes who regularly engage in high-impact sporting events, dentist-made custom mouthguards are the best option. They provide the best fit, comfort, and protection and are custom-fitted to match your mouth. These guards can also help with issues such as snoring and sleep grinding. 

Selecting the Right Mouthguard

When selecting the mouthguard that’s right for you, there are several things you should consider. 
Think about the specific level of contact in the sport you play most frequently. For instance, if you’re a tennis player, you may only need a thin, stock mouthguard. However, if you play football or skateboard, a custom-fitted guard is essential for your oral health.

You should also consider how often you’ll be wearing the guard. Stock guards may be fine for a few uses here and there, but those who use one every day will likely feel much more comfortable with a custom-fitted guard. Custom-fitted mouthguards are also far less likely to be removed mid-game than other guards. 

If high-impact and/or frequent use is expected, consult with your dentist for a custom fabrication that ensures both comfort and effectiveness. 

Mouthguard Maintenance and Care

Mouthguards are highly effective at preventing or lessening injuries, but they can also pose a risk if they aren’t properly cared for. Mouthguards that are not properly cleaned can cause bacteria buildup in the mouth, which can lead to infection or halitosis (bad breath). 

Here are some easy ways to keep your mouthguard clean and in good working condition. 

• Rinse with cool water or mild soap after each use to remove bacteria and saliva buildup.
• Keep a separate toothbrush for cleaning the mouthguard, and use it to scrub and clean after each use. 
• For deep cleaning, use over-the-counter mouthguard cleaners or an at-home solution of vinegar and hydrogen peroxide. 
• Store in a ventilated case to dry thoroughly, preventing mold or unpleasant odors.
• Check for wear or tears regularly—replace if material shows signs of deterioration.

Custom Mouthguards Available at Ideal Dental

For athletes, workout enthusiasts, or those simply looking for more oral protection, mouthguards are a must. Using a mouthguard during high-impact activity can prevent serious injuries and save you money on expensive medical bills. 

If you’re interested in getting a custom-fitted mouthguard for added protection and comfort, contact your local Ideal Dental today to schedule an appointment.